1. achievementn.[C]收获;功绩;\[U\]达成;完成;达到联想拓展achieve v.获得，达成achieve an aim/a goal达到目的achieve success 获得成功He received the Nobel Prize for his scientific achievements.他因科学上获得的收获而获得诺贝尔奖。Flying across the Atlantic for the first time was a great achievement. 初次飞越大西洋是一个伟大的功绩。高手过招完成句子①无人民的支持，大家将一事无成。Without the support of the people we can .②我只完成了我所期望完成的工作的一半。I have achieved only half of I hope to do.③祝贺你获得如此完美的胜利。Congratulations to yousuch a complete victory.答案: ① achieve nothing ②what ③ on achieving2. behavevi.举止，行为，表现;工作，运转vt.守规矩;举止有礼常用结构：behave oneself 使某人自己举止规矩Behave yourself; don’t make a fool of yourself.注意你的举止, 别闹出笑话来。How is your new car behaving? 你的新车性能怎么样?联想拓展behaviour n. 言行举止，行为;习性，自学 成才behaviour towards/to... 对……的态度/行为高手过招单项填空①David is quite well in school. He obeys the teachers and gets As in all his subjects.A. Behaved B. concernedC. Involved D. respected完成句子 ①爸爸妈妈让孩子们在客人面前举止礼貌。The parents asked the children to in front of the guests.②她对这个孩子的好行为感到开心。She is pleased with the child’s .分析： 选A。be well behaved为固定搭配，意为“表现出色”，联系空后的内容可知,A项。 ① behave well ②good behaviour3. worthwhileadj.值得做的;值得的，可用作表语或定语，其后可加to do/doing。易混辨析worth/worthy/worthwhileworth 只能作表语，其后接钱数、名词或及物动词的动名词的主动形式: be worth doing。worthy可作表语，后接of+名词/动名词的被动形式/不定式的被动形式: be worthy of+n./being done / to be done; 也可作定语，表示“值得……的;有价值的”。worthwhile可作表语或定语;a worthwhile job 一份值得做的工作。常用结构：it is worthwhile to do/doing做某事是值得的。a worthy winner 名副其实的赢家Buying the car at this price is not worthwhile.以如此的价格买车不值得。Is it worthwhile making/ to make such an effort?做如此的努力值不值得?高手过招单项填空 It was the trouble to settle the problem.A. worth to take B. worthwhile takingC. worth being taken D. worth taking选词填空①This vase was five hundred francs at the most.②Everybody has roots. It is to search for his roots.③Their efforts are of your support.④This book is well reading and it is of being read a second time.分析: 选B。worthwhile后可以跟动名词也可以跟不定式，而worth后面只可以跟动名词的主动语态表达被动定义。 ①worth ② worthwhile ③ worthy④ worth; worthy4. respectvt.尊敬;尊重n.敬意;问候常用结构：pay/give one’s respect to sb. 向某人致敬/问候have/show respect for sb. 尊敬某人respecting = with respect to关于;就……而言in all respects = in every respect 无论从哪一点来看;在各方面We all should respect our parents and teachers.大家都要尊敬大家的爸爸妈妈和老师。Mr Smith always show respect to his children’s opinions.史密斯先生一直非常尊重孩子们的建议。In respect to the content, the article is very good,but it is not satisfactory in other aspects.就内容而言，这篇文章非常不错，但在其他方面还不可以让人认可。联想拓展respectable adj. 值得尊敬的;正派的;高尚的respectful adj. 有礼貌的;恭敬的respective adj. 各自的;分别的respectively adv. 各自地;分别地Oneˉway fares for adults and children were $18 and $5 respectively.成人和儿童的单程车费分别为18USD和5USD。高手过招完成句子 ①请代我向你的爸爸妈妈致意。Please your parents.②大家的班主任是位可敬的人，大家都非常尊敬她。Our head teacher is a person, we all her.答案:①give my respect to②respectable; show/have respect for5. arguev.争论，辩论;说服;倡导;觉得常用结构：argue with sb. about/over sth. 就某事和某人争辩argue sb. into/out of doing=persuade sb. to/not to do=persuade sb. into/out of doing 说服某人做/不做某事argue for/against 支持/反对联想拓展argument n. 论点;争论;论据settle an argument 解决争端beyond argument 无可争辩We argued that we should be paid more.大家据理力争自己应该得到更高的薪水。They are arguing with the officials over foreign policies.他们正就外交政策与官员们进行辩论。They argued the park into lowering the price.他们说服公园降了价。高手过招完成句子 ①大家一直就资金的问题而争论。We are always arguing each other money.②他们说服我买了辆新的自行车。They argued me buying a new bike.③他反对抽烟，而且坚持觉得抽烟有害健康是无可争辩的事实。He argued smoking, and insisted that it was argument that smoking was harmful to health.答案: ① with; about/over ②into ③ against;beyond6. inspirevt.激励;勉励;引发;赋予……想法;激起His speech inspired us. 他的发言激励了大家。The beautiful scenery inspired the composer.漂亮的景色使作曲家文思泉涌。常用结构：inspire sb. to sth. 鼓励某人某事inspire sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事inspire sth. in sb. 使某人产生……;鼓励某人……The father inspired his son with confidence.=The father inspired confidence in his son.这位爸爸鼓励儿子要自信。联想拓展inspiration n. 想法;启发;激励人的事或人inspired adj. 遭到激励的;有想法的inspiring adj. 激励人心的;勉励的高手过招完成句子 ①老师的话使他产生了期望。The teacher’s words .=The teacher’s words .②学生们都被这首振奋人心的歌曲所激励。The students were all by the song.答案: ① inspired him with hope; inspired hope in him ② inspired; inspiring7. intendvt.专为……而设计intend to do/doing 计划……intend sb. to do sth. 计划让某人做某事This kind of bicycle is intended for people who are too short.这种自行车是专为身材矮小的人设计的。Today, I intend to finish reading this novel.今天我计划读完这本小说。I intend you to take over my career.我计划叫你接管我的事业。高手过招单项填空①The book, for her sister, was lost in the mail. A. intended as pleasant surpriseB. intending as pleasant surpriseC. intended as a pleasant surpriseD. intending for pleasant surprise②Miss Wang had to catch the first bus, but she did’t get up early enough.A. Turned B. come C. intended D. promised①分析：选C。intend sth. for sb.意为“为某人筹备某物”，book与intend之间呈被动关系，因此用过去分词短语作定语;surprise在这里用单数，表示“一个惊喜”。②分析：选C。intend有“计划”的意思，用过去完成时，表示“曾计划这样，但没做成”。
8. delivervt.接生;递送;发表容易见到结构:deliver a baby 接生孩子;生孩子deliver sth. to...把某物送到……The baby was delivered in a clinic.孩子是在一个医疗站接生的。Comrade Yang delivered the opening speech.杨同志致了开幕词。联想拓展delivery n. 送货;出货express delivery 快递on delivery 送达时;货到时高手过招完成句子 ①一些新书已经送到学校了。Some new books have the school.②演员用他温顺的声音演讲。The actor his speech a soft voice.答案: ① been delivered; to ② delivered/gave; in9. observevt. 察看;观测;遵守She spent many year observing and recording their daily activities.她花了很多年时间来察看和记录他们的平时活动。常用结构：observe+名词/代词宾语+宾语补足语that从句/what从句I observed them enter/entering the shop.我看到他们进了/正走进商店。The boy observed what was going on between Tom and his little sister.男生察看汤姆和他妹妹之间会发生啥事。We should strictly observe the discipline.大家要严格遵守纪律。联想拓展observer n. 察看者obstrvation n. 察看高手过招翻译句子①我从未看过他做早操。②大家需要遵守交通规则。答案: ① I have never observed him do morning exercises.② We must observe the rule of road.重点短语10. look down upon/on蔑视;瞧不起She looks down on people who’ve never been to university.她瞧不起没上过大学的人。You can’t look down upon a person because he is poor.你不可以由于某个人贫穷就瞧不起他。I hope you don’t look down upon/on this kind of work.我期望你不要看不起这种工作。联想拓展look on sb./ sth. as 把某人/某物看作……=consider sb./ sth. aslook on 袖手旁观;观望look into sth. 调查;察看某事物look up 查阅;向上看;好转lookup and down 上下查看look out for sb./sth. 警惕或留神某人/某物look back to 回顾;回忆look about/around 环顾四周look after 照料 ;照看look forward to 盼望;期待look for 探寻look like 看着像look over 检查;检阅look through 浏览;检查look up to 尊敬高手过招完成句子 ①He wasbecause of his humble background.②He isthe leading authority on the subject.③If you want to know how a word is used, itin a dictionary.选词填空①I’m going to your party.②The police have received the complaint, and they are it.③We should not manual labour.④Please these words in your dictionary.答案:①looked down on ②looked on as ③look; up ① looking forward to ② looking into ③ look down on ④ look up11. refer to谈到;查阅;参考;查看;提及;指……而言联想拓展refer to sb./sth. as 把某人/物称作refer sth. to 把某事提交refer sb. to 让某人向……求助易混辨析refer to/consult/look uprefer to和consult都可作“查阅”讲，表此意时两词可以互换。look up 意为“查找……”。We agreed never to refer to the matter again.大家赞同不再谈论这件事了。She thought I was referring to her daughter when we were talking.当大家谈话时她以为我指的是她的女儿。高手过招完成句子 ①Although she didn’t mention any names, everyone knew who she was .②He gave the speechhis notes.③He likes to“Doctor Khee”.④My doctor mea hospital specialist.单项填空①The professor at the meeting will give us a lecture next week. A. Referred B. referred to C. Referring D. referring to②If you are not sure of the meaning of this word, you can the dictionary. A. refer to B. look up C. See D. make use of③During his stay in our college, he often began his talk by this past experience as a soldier.A. turning to B. referring to C. sticking to D. speaking to④Using a long stick, the teacher a place on the map and asked the children to name it. A. got down to B. pointed to C. referred to D. came to ①referring to ②without referring to ③ be referred to as ④ referred; to ① 分析：选B。句意为：在会议上被提到的那位教授下周将给大家作一次讲坛。用refer to的过去分词形式作后置定语，表示被动。② 分析：选A。refer to在句中作“查阅”讲，B项结构应为look up the word in the dictionary。③ 分析：选B。考查词义辨析。turn to的意思是“求助于”，但其宾语是人，不能是物;refer to的意思是“参考;查看;谈到;提到”;stick to的意思是“坚持”。④ 分析：选B。 考查短语辨析。get down to的意思是“开始;着手”，后跟名词或动名词;point to的意思是“指着;指向”;refer to的意思是“参考;提到”;come to的意思是“达到”。
12. come across=run across=meet by chance遇到;碰见联想拓展come about = happen 发生come from 来自come out 出现;开花;出版或发表;透露;显出come up 升起;发生;出现come up with sth. 找到或提出come to 谈到;涉及I came across an old school friend in Oxford Street this morning. 今天早上我在牛津大街碰见一位老校友。She came across some old photographs in a drawer.她在一个抽屉里偶然发现了一些旧照片。高手过招单项填空Mr Brown, could you tell me how the differences between American English and British English ? A. came about B. came to C. came up D. came across用come短语的适合形式填空 ①I some new words while reading.②His new book will next month.③She a new idea for increasing sales.④Can you tell me how the accident ?⑤How did it that he knew where we were?分析：选A。考查词义辨析。come about意为“产生”，符合句意;come to意为“达到”;come across意为“偶然遇见;从……上走”;come up意为“来到”。① came across ②come out ③came up with ④came about ⑤come about13. carry on继续;坚持Let’s carry on our homework.让大家继续做大家的家庭作业。We must carry on until the rescue team arrived.大家需要坚持下去直到救援队到来。联想拓展carry out 实行;推行carry away 带走;冲走carry off 夺去We will carry out the plan as soon as it is made.这个计划一拟定出来，大家就会实行。We planted many trees to sTOP the water from carrying away the soil. 大家种这么多树的目的是阻止土壤流失。高手过招单项填空Do you mind if I with my work while you are getting tea ready.carry out B. come on C. carry on D. go over分析：选C。carry on 在这里是“继续下去”的意思。A项有肯定干扰性。 carry out 也有“进行，拓展”的意思，然而carry on为不及物动词，而 carry out为及物动词。重点句型14. only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.她妈妈头几个月来帮她的忙，这才使她得以开始我们的计划。“only+状语”放在句首时，主句部分要用部分倒装，即：将助动词、情态动词或连系动词置于主语之前。但“only+主语”放在句首时，主句不倒装。only in this way can we learn English better.只有如此，大家才能学好英语。only then did I remember that I had left my cell phone in the restaurant.到那时我才记起我把手机忘在饭店里了。only when Mum is sick will she stay in bed.只有生病的时候母亲才会卧床休息。高手过招单项填空①only then how much damage had been caused. A. she realized B. she had realizedC. had she realized D. did she realize② by keeping down cosplayt will Power Data hold its advantage over other companies. A.only B. Just C. Still D. Yet①分析：选D。“only+状语”放在句首时，主句部分要用部分倒装，再依据时间then判断，主句应用一般过去时，所以选D。②分析：选A。四个选项中，只有“only+状语”放在句首时，主句才用部分倒装。
15. For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals.40年来，简古道尔一直在呼吁世人知道并尊重这类动物的生活。本句用的是目前完成时，即“has/have been doing”，表示从过去某个时间开始的动作或状况一直延续到目前，可能还会再进行下去。—What have you been doing?你一直在干什么?—I have been practising the piano.我一直在训练弹钢琴。高手过招单项填空①—Hi, Fracy, you look tired.—I m tired. I the living room all day.Painted B. had paintedC. have been painting D. have painted②New that she is out of a job, Lucy going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.A. had considered B. has been consideringC. Considered D. is going to consider①分析：选C。答句句意为：我一整天都在给起居室刷油漆。表示过去开始的动作一直持续进行到目前，用目前完成进行时。②分析：选B。句意为：露西目前没工作，她在考虑回学校，但她依旧没做决定。表示过去开始的动作一直持续进行到目前，用目前完成进行时。